Improvement in looms



M e h s u s .I e e h S 4 Y E IL W 0 Dn C F In Improvement in Lo oms.

Pamnted May 16,1871.

wrmssss 4 Sb t --Sh 2[ J. F. CROWLEY. Improvement in Looms.

Patented May 16,1871.

4 sheets sheet 3.

J. F. CROWLEY.

Improvement in Looms.

Patented May 16,1871.

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JEREMIAH FRANCIS CROWLEY, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 114,929, dated May 16, 1871.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOOM S I .l'he Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and of the same.

I, JEREliILAH FRANCIS CROWLEY, of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have inventedan Improved Loom, of which the following is a specification.

Nate/re and Object of the Invention.

My invention consists of certain improvements, too L fully described hereafter to need preliminary explanation, in that class of looms in which both'aJacquard apparatus and treadles operated by cams are employed.

Description of the Accompanying Drawing.

shift-er v Figure 5, sheet 3, an end view of the loom, partly in section; 4

Figure 6, a transverse sectional view of the lower portion of the loom; through the cam-shaft; and

Figures 7, 8, and 9, sheet 4, detached views illustrating portions of my invention.'

General Description.

- The frame of the'loom is of the usual form and construction, and consistsof side pieces A and A suitably connected together, and supporting the driving or crank-shaft B, which operates thelathe O in the usual manner, and communicates motion, through cog-wheels a and a, to the cam-shaft D.

There are, in the present instance, two cams, E and E, upon the cam-shaft.

These cams, however, instead of being hung directly to the shaft, are attached to and arranged to slide longitudinally upon a feathered sleeve, F, which can turn looselyupon the shaft between collars b b of the same, who made to revolve with the said shaft when )held by a clutch, F, as hereafter described. (See fig. 6.

The cams are intended to operate the treadles or levers G G G iii the usual manner, and at one side of each of the saidcams is a scroll-wheel, c, to which is adapted a caster-pin, c, of a rod, 0, hung to a crossbar, d, of the frame of the loom, the object of this arrangement being to cause the cams to slide upon the sleeve F and across the treadles as they are rotated, in order that they may successively depress the said treadles.

In addition to the ams and treadles the loom is also provided with a Jacquard apparatus of ordinary construction;

The Jacquard, however, instead of being operated by cranks or eccentrics on the driving or lathe-shaft B, as usual, receives its motion from cams H and H;

of a peculiar shape, hung to the end of the said shaft, outside of the frame Aof theloom.

These cams act upon levers or arms 0 c hung to a stud, c, of the frame, and the outer ends of the said arms are connected by cords'or straps f to a lever,

f, of a rock-spindle, f, hung to standards g g of the I stationary frame.

An arm, f, of the rock-spindle, through the medium of a connecting-rod, h, communicates the re quired reciprocating motion to the operating-lever h of the Jacquard.

I propose, in some cases, to dispense with the lever f rock-spindle f, and connecting-rod 71, and to connect the straps f directly to operating-arm h of the Jacquard, one of the said straps being in such case passed over a'pulley above the operating-arm, so that it may raise the latter while the other serves to depress it. I

It will be observed, on reference to fig. 3, that the cams H and H are of such a form tliatthey only act upon thelevers e 0 during a portion of their revolu tion, the levers remaining stationary during the time that they are in contact with the portions x a; of the cams, which are of a curve described from the center of the shaft. i

When the levers remain stationary the Jacquard is also inoperative, and this occursat a time when the shed is open for the throwing of the shuttle, andwheu it is, therefore, important that the heddles shouldnot be raise or lowered.

It will thus be seen that by the employment of the special cams H and H, and devices connected therewith, an intermittent motion of the Jacquard appara tus can be much more readily obtained than by cranks or cams, as heretofore arranged, so that the cloth can be better covered or crossed than usual, while the Jacquard, instead of being permitted to fall suddenly,

as in ordinary looms, is gradually lowered by the cams.

The arms or picking-sticksI I for operating the cords, and other devices forthrowing the shuttles, are hung to short spindles or studs of the stationary frame, are connected together by a spring, i, fig. 7, and are operated in the usual manner by levers or treadles, G, which receive their motion from cams or arms t" of. thecam-shaft D.

The outer endsof the treadles G pass through and are guided by'slotted plates j, to which are fixed buffers j, of leathengmn, cloth, or other suitable material, against which the ends of the said treadles strike whenthey are released by the arms of the cam-- shaft, and raised by the action of the spring i simultaneously with thethrowing hack of the sticks I.

The jarring of the parts and disagreeable noise occasioned by the striking of the ends of the treadles is thus avoided. I

In weaving with my improved loom the cloth is not wound at once upon the cloth-roller K, or, after having been passed between plain rollers, but is first passed between take-up rollers L and L, fig. 3, the surfaces of which are broken by longitudinal ribs arranged at equal distances apart, and which mesh into each other in the same manner as the teeth of cogwheels.

These rollers, which effectually prevent any slipping of the cloth, are driven by a cog-wheel, 1 on the journal of the lower roller L, which gears into a pinion on a short spindle, to which is also hung a ratchetwheel on, the latter being driven bya pawl, is, hung to an arm, k, which is pivoted to the stationary frame and attached to the lathe G.

The slipping of the ratchet is prevented by a second pawl, 70, hung to a lever P, which is pivoted to theside-frame A at the point 2, the said pawl being raised from between the teeth of the r'atehet-wheel by a fixed pin, 1, when the lever P is lowered, for a purpose described hereinafter. The stop motion which I prefer to employ is of the ordinary character, and in connection therewith I use a combination of devices, hereafter described, by which the motion ofthe cams, Jacquard apparatus, and takenp rollers may be instantly arrested, and thus be prevented all injury to the work, owing to a continuance, of the motion of these parts after the belt has been shifted onto the loose pulley of the driving-shaft.

The stop motion consists of a bent rod or wire, at, fig. 1, hung to one arm of a lever, on, and extending over the lathe and breast-beam Q.

To the opposite arm of the lever m is connected, by means of a cord, a pawl, m, which is hung to a bell-crank lever, B, operated by an arm, R, of the cam-shaft in such aananner' as to throw the pawl forward in the direction of the arrow, fig. 2, on every revolution of the said cam shaft.

So long as the shuttle-thread remains entire the bent'wire at will be drawn fin'ward by the same, .and the pawl mtwill be consequently raised, as shown on figs. l and 3.

Should thethread become broken, however, the wire will remain at rest, so that when the pawl is pushed forward it will strike and move a sliding bar,- S, in the stationary frame, which bar so operates two levers, S and S, figs. 3 and 4, as to throw the end of the spring-bar T, to which the belt-shifter T is attached, out of the notched end of the slot 1;, on which it had been previously held.

The belt-shifter will be consequently turned in the direction of the arrow, fig. 4, so as to shift the belt from the fast pulley onto the ldose pulley p of the driving-shaft. 4

The devices connected to the above stop-motion for instantly and simultaneously stopping the cams on the cam-shaft, the Jacquard, and take'-up rollers, form an important feature of my invention, and are as follows:

The side lever P, previously alluded to, has secured to it an adjustable block, q, the inclined edge q of which is struck by a projection, q, of the sliding bar S when the latter is moved in the direction of its arrow, fig. 2.

The outer end of the lever P is connected by a cord or strap to one arm of a short lever, 'r, fig. 5, the opposite arm of which is similarly connected to a bell-crank lever, r, and the latter is attached to a spring rod, 8, to which the clutch-lever s'isfsecured.

These several devices so operate together that when the side lever P is depressed, in consequence 'of the breaking of a thread and motion of the sliding bar, the clutch F, before alluded to, will be disengaged from the end of the sleeveF, so that the latter and its cams may remain stationary, while the shaft D (See fig. 6.)

In operating upon the Jacquard the side lever P not only stops the motion of the barrel or axis X, which carries the pattern-cards, but reverses the same to the extent of one-quarter or one-sixth of a revolution, according as the barrel is four or six-sided, so that when the break is repaired and the loom again started the same card may be presented to the'needles and the pattern be continued uninterruptedly.

The devices by which this result is obtained consist simply of a spring lever, 1., connected to the lever P by a wire, t, and arranged to press against and fig. 5 to that illustrated in fig. 9, and thus reverse the motion imparted to the barrel, as indicated by the arrows. Y

The motion of the take-up rollers isv arrested simultaneously with the stopping of the cams and J acquard by the fixed pin 0', which, when the lever P is lowered, raises the pawl k from between the teeth.

backward and forward with the motion of the pawl it until the momentumof the lathe and crank-shaft is overcome.

Instead of the lever P the modified formof lever shown in fig. 8 may be employed.

In this case the fulcrum of the lever is changed to the point P, so that the devices described, or their equivalents, for operating the clutch and cams, are actuated 'by an upward instead of a downward movement of the lever. I

Claims.

I 1. The side leverP, hung to the stationary frame 'at either of the points I or I, operating the sliding cam-shaft or. Jacquard, or either, as set forth, and arranged to be operated by the stop motion of the loom, substantiallyin the manner described.

v2. The adjustable block (1 of the said lever, with its inclined edge q, in combination with the projection q of the sliding bar S. I

3. The said lever P, in combination with the fixed pin 1', for withdrawing the pawl In from between the 'teetlroi the ratchet-wheel m, and thus stopping the motion of the take-up rollers. I

4'. The said lever P, arranged and operating substantially. in the manner described,'so asto simultaneously stop the motion of the cams, the

apparatus, and the take-up rollers.

" 5. The combination and arrangement, substantially ered sleeve F on the cam-shaft,'and the clutch F, operated by the-stop motion of the loom, as specified. In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing continues to revolve until its momentum is overcome.

raise the catches u and u from the position shown in of the ratchet-wheel, and thus prevents the latter from turning, the said ratchet-wheel merely moving Jacquard as herein described, of the cams E andE', the feath 

